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Neural bioceramic scaffold prepared by freeze-casting
Vojníková, Michaela ; Pejchalová, Lucie (oponent) ; Salamon, David (vedoucí práce)
Several procedures have been investigated for the regeneration of injured nerves. However, the resulting axonal growth can be random or disorganized and has limitations reflected on patient recovery. Therefore, the novel freeze-casted scaffolds were manufactured with mechanical and microstructural properties suitable for the neural scaffold. Concretely, the bioceramic scaffolds were based on calcium phosphates, titania, and zirconia. The oriented microstructure was prepared by controlled ice growth in one direction. The observation with scanning electron microscopy confirmed linearly oriented pores (lamellar system) in which average pore size decreased with a higher freezing rate. According to the results, the scaffolds prepared by freezing in liquid nitrogen showed excellent mechanical properties, where flexural strength was in the range of 10–17 MPa. Interlamellar distances of these scaffolds were 10–30 µm, which are appropriate for neural scaffolds. Biocompatibility was evaluated with Schwann cells’ line in vitro, where the adhesion and growth in the lamellar direction were observed. Cytotoxic tests revealed a negative impact of a high calcium level on Schwann cell’ survival. The prepared scaffolds could form an apatite layer on its surface in the form of embryonic and nucleation centers and apatite itself. Calcium phosphate and titania scaffolds exhibited promising regenerative characteristics of adhesion and ingrowth through porous structures with outstanding mechanical properties.
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Neural bioceramic scaffold prepared by freeze-casting
Vojníková, Michaela ; Pejchalová, Lucie (oponent) ; Salamon, David (vedoucí práce)
Several procedures have been investigated for the regeneration of injured nerves. However, the resulting axonal growth can be random or disorganized and has limitations reflected on patient recovery. Therefore, the novel freeze-casted scaffolds were manufactured with mechanical and microstructural properties suitable for the neural scaffold. Concretely, the bioceramic scaffolds were based on calcium phosphates, titania, and zirconia. The oriented microstructure was prepared by controlled ice growth in one direction. The observation with scanning electron microscopy confirmed linearly oriented pores (lamellar system) in which average pore size decreased with a higher freezing rate. According to the results, the scaffolds prepared by freezing in liquid nitrogen showed excellent mechanical properties, where flexural strength was in the range of 10–17 MPa. Interlamellar distances of these scaffolds were 10–30 µm, which are appropriate for neural scaffolds. Biocompatibility was evaluated with Schwann cells’ line in vitro, where the adhesion and growth in the lamellar direction were observed. Cytotoxic tests revealed a negative impact of a high calcium level on Schwann cell’ survival. The prepared scaffolds could form an apatite layer on its surface in the form of embryonic and nucleation centers and apatite itself. Calcium phosphate and titania scaffolds exhibited promising regenerative characteristics of adhesion and ingrowth through porous structures with outstanding mechanical properties.
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